Association of Threat Assessment Professionals

National Threat Assessment Center

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline

• Association of Threat Assessment Professionals (2006). Risk assessment guideline elements for violence: Considerations for assessing the risk of future violent behavior. Los Angeles: Authors.
• Borum, Fein, Vossekuil, & Berglund (1999). Threat assessment: Defining an approach for evaluating risk of targeted violence. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 17, 323-337.
• Braverman, M. (1999). Preventing workplace violence: A guide for employers and practitioners. London: Sage.
• Calhoun, F. & Weston, S. (2003). Contemporary threat management: A practical guide for identifying, assessing, and managing individuals of violent intent. San Diego, CA. Specialized Training Services.
• Calhoun, F. & Weston, S. (June 2006). Protecting judicial officials: Implementing an effective threat management process. Bureau of Justice Assistance Bulletin, 1-8. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance.
• Corcoran, M.H. & Cawood, J.S. (2003). Violence assessment and intervention: The practitioner’s handbook. New York: CRC.
• DeBecker, G. (1997). The gift of fear: And other survival signals that protect us from violence. New York: Dell.
• Deisinger, G., Randazzo, M., O’Neill, D. & Savage, J. (2008). The Handbook for Campus Threat Assessment & Management Teams. Stoneham, MA: Applied Risk Management. Available at http://www.sigmatma.com/colleges-universities/books/.
• Delaware Technical & Community College (2008). Behavioral intervention and threat assessment available at https://policies.dtcc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Behavioral-Intervention-and-Threat-Assessment.pdf
• Delworth, U. (1989). Dealing With the Behavioral and Psychological Problems of Students. New Directions for Student Services, no. 45. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
• Dunkle, J., Silverstein, Z. & Warner, S. (2008). Managing violent and other troubling students: The role of threat assessment on campus. Journal of College and University Law, 34(3), 585-636.
• Fein, R. & Vossekuil, B. (1998). Protective intelligence and threat assessment investigations: A guide for state and local law enforcement officials. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.
• Fein, R., Vossekuil, B. & Holden, G. (September 1995). Threat assessment: An approach to prevent targeted violence. Research in Action, 1-7. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.
• Flannery, R.B. (1995). Violence in the workplace. New York: Crossroad.
• Gallagher, R. (2007). National Survey of Counseling Center Directors 2007. Alexandria, VA: International Association of Counseling Services, Inc.
• Hoffman, A.M., Schuh, J.H., & Fenske, R.H. (Eds.). (1998). Violence on campus: Defining the problems, Strategies for Action. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.
• International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators (IACLEA). (1993). Handling institutional violence on campus. Hartford, CT: IACLEA.
• IACLEA (1996). Handling violence in the workplace. Hartford, CT: IACLEA.
• IACLEA (2008). Overview of the Virginia Tech tragedy and implications for campus safety: The IACLEA Blueprint for safer campuses. West Hartford, CT: IACLEA.
• Jaeger, L., Deisinger, E., Houghton, D., & Cychosz, C. (1993). A coordinated response to critical incidents. Ames, IA: Iowa State University.
• Jed Foundation (2008). Student mental health and the law: A resource for institutions of higher education. New York, NY: The Jed Foundation.
• Lake, P. F. (June 2007). Higher education called to account: Colleges and the law after Virginia Tech. Chronicle of Higher Education, 53(43), B6.
• Lazenby, R. (Ed.). (2007). April 16: Virginia Tech Remembers. New York: Plume.
• Leavitt, M., Spellings, M., & Gonzalez, A. (2007). Report to the President on issues raised by the Virginia Tech tragedy. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education, and U.S. Department of Justice.
• Meloy, J.R. (2000). Violence risk and threat assessment. San Diego, Specialized Training Services.
• Mohandie, K. (2000). School violence threat management: A practical guide for educators, law enforcement, and mental health professionals. San Diego, CA: Specialized Training Services.
• Monahan, J. (1995). The clinical prediction of violent behavior. London: J. Aronson.
• Monahan, J., Steadman, H.J., Silver, E., & Applebaum, P.S. (2001). Rethinking risk assessment: The MacArthur study of mental disorder and violence. New York: Oxford.

• National Association of Attorneys General (2007). NAAG task force on school and campus safety: Report and recommendations. Washington, DC: National Association of Attorneys General.
• Pavela, G. The Pavela Report. Available at http://collegepubs.com.
• Quinsey, V.L., Harris, G.T., Rice, M.E. & Cormier, C.A. (1998). Violent offenders: Appraising and managing risk. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Randazzo, M., Borum, R., Vossekuil, B., Fein, R., Modzeleski, W., & Pollack, W. (2006). Threat assessment in schools: Empirical support and comparison with other approaches. In S.R. Jimerson and M.J. Furlong (Eds.), The handbook of school violence and school safety: From research to practice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
• Reddy, M., Borum, R., Vossekuil, B., Fein, R., Berglund, J., & Modzeleski, W., (2001). Evaluating risk for targeted violence in schools: Comparing risk assessment, threat assessment, and other approaches. Psychology in the Schools, 38, pp. 157-172.
• Sluss, M. (2008, April 9). Governor signs Virginia Tech-inspired mental health reform bills. The Roanoke Times, http://www.roanoke.com/webmin/news/governor-signs-virginia-tech-inspired-mental-health-reform-bills/article_cee1c59b-7176-584e-a48f-749eddc74931.html, retrieved August 9, 2010.
• Suicide Prevention Resource Center (2004). Promoting mental health and preventing suicide in college and university settings. Newton, MA: Education Development Center, Inc.
• The Jed Foundation (2008). Student mental health and the law: A resource for institutions of higher education. New York, NY: The Jed Foundation.
• Turner, J. & Gelles, M. (2003), Threat assessment: A risk management approach. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.
• United States Postal Service Threat Assessment Team Task Force (1997). Threat assessment team guide. Washington, DC: U.S. Postal Service

• Code of Virginia §23-9.2:10
• Joint Guidance on the Application of the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) to Student Records
• A Model for Coordinating the Institutional Response and Reducing Legal Liability

• Virginia Employee Assistance Program
• General Order 25: Workplace Violence Prevention